U.S. Immigration Trends

From its inception, the United States has been a country of immigrants. These interactive data tools, which offer statistics at national, state, and sometimes county levels, help track changing patterns and characteristics of the immigrant population through time. By placing immigration to the United States in its broader historic context, the characteristics of today's migration flows and the immigrant communities they establish can be better understood.

Click on the bullet points below to navigate for more information:

• Immigration Over Time
• Immigrants' Countries and Regions of Birth
• Refugees
• Unauthorized Immigrants
• Diaspora Groups
• Children
• Immigrants in the U.S. Labor Force
• Educational Attainment
• English Proficiency and Linguistic Diversity

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Immigration Over Time

Green Cards: How Many Are Issued Annually & to Whom?

• Legal Immigration to the United States, 1820-Present
• Legal Immigrants by Country of Origin, 1999-Present

New Citizens: How Many People Become Americans Yearly & from Which Countries?

• Naturalization in the United States, 1910-Present
• Naturalization by Country of Birth, 1999-Present

By the Numbers: Current and Historical Stats about Immigrants at U.S. & State Levels

• Number and Share of Total U.S. Population, 1850-Present
• Immigrant Population Change by Decade, 1850-Present
• State Immigration Trends: Number and Share of Total State Population, 1990-Present

Current and Historical Composition of the U.S. Population by Age, Sex, and Nativity

• Age-Sex Pyramids of Immigrant and U.S.-Born Populations, 1970-Present

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Immigrants' Countries and Regions of Birth

• Regions of Birth, 1960-Present
• Countries of Birth, 1960-Present
• Top Ten Countries of Birth, 1960-Present
• Map: Population Distribution for Countries and Regions of Birth, 2020 -2024 (pooled)

 - By State and Top Counties

 - By Metro Area

• Detailed Immigrant Profiles by State and for the United States
• Mexican Immigrants: Number and Share of Total U.S. Immigrant Population, 1850-Present

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Refugees: What Is the Yearly Ceiling & How Many Are Actually Admitted?

• Refugee Admissions, 1980-Present

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Unauthorized Immigrants

Unauthorized Immigrants: Where They Live at U.S., State & County Levels; & Their Countries of Origin

• Estimates and Detailed Profiles of Unauthorized Immigrants at U.S., State, and Top County Levels
• Unauthorized Immigrant Populations by Country and Region, Top State and County Destinations

Deferred Action: Who Has DACA & Where Do They Live?

• DACA Recipients by State and Country of Origin

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Diaspora Groups

• Top 35 Diaspora Groups

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Children

• Number and Share of Total Child Population in Immigrant Families, by Age Group and State, 1990-Present
• Map: Number of Unaccompanied Children Released to Sponsors, by State and County, 2014-Present

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Immigrants in the U.S. Labor Force

• Immigrants as Share of Total Population and Civilian Labor Force, by State, 1980-Present
• Unemployment Rate by Nativity, Gender, Industry, Race/Ethnicity, and Educational Attainment during COVID-19 Pandemic

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Educational Attainment

• Educational Attainment of U.S. Adults (ages 25 and over) by Nativity and Country of Birth
• Immigrant-Origin Adults Without a Postsecondary Credential in the United States and by State

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English Proficiency and Linguistic Diversity

• Limited English Proficient Population: Number and Share, by State, 1990-Present
• Map: English Learners in K-12 by State
• Map: Young Dual Language Learners in the United States and by State, 2019-Present