• Population............................................................................123,201,945 (2024 est.)
• Population growth rate ..................................................................-0.43% (2024 est.)
• Birth rate.........................................................6.9 births/1,000 population (2024 est.)
• Death rate..................................................11.9 deaths/1,000 population (2024 est.)
• Net migration rate..................................0.7 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2024 est.)
• Ethnic groups*....................................Japanese 97.5%, Chinese 0.6%, Vietnam 0.4%, South Korean 0.3%, other 1.2% (includes Filipino, Brazilian, Nepalese, Indonesian, American, and Taiwanese) (2022 est.)

* Data represent population by nationality; up to 230,000 Brazilians of Japanese origin migrated to Japan in the 1990s to work in industries; some have returned to Brazil

CIA World Factbook